Ganga-Meghna
Brahmaputra ||
West Bengal || Bangladesh
||
Middle Ganga Plain, Bihar ||
Uttarpradesh
Jharkhand || North-East Hilly States ||
Rajnandgaon,
Chattisgar || Behala,
Kolkata, WB || As
toxicity- Homeopathic Treatment
Effectiveness & Reliability - As Field
Testing Kits ||
Utility Of Treatment Plant
Causes, Effects & Remedies - Groundwater As Calamity
|| References
Our
study on
GROUNDWATER ARSENIC
CONTAMINATION
IN
UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA
Background
Uttar Pradesh (UP) situated in the upper and middle Ganga plain has an area and population of 238,000 km2, and 166 million respectively. The administrative structure of UP consists of 70 districts, each having several blocks, each block has several Gram Panchayets (GP), which are the clusters of villages. The figure shows the study area Uttar Pradesh in India.
Summary
A total of 4780 hand tubewell water samples were collected at random from 11 blocks (five from Ballia, four from Gazipur and one from Varanasi district), 74 GP/municipal areas and 122 villages / wards of three districts (Ballia, Gazipur and Varanasi) of Uttar-Pradesh. We found arsenic concentration above 10 mg/L (WHO recommended provisional guideline value of arsenic in drinking water) in 100 villages and in 69 villages above 50 mg/L (The permissible level of arsenic in drinking water in India). A summary of the present groundwater arsenic contamination status in UP is presented in Table.
Physical parameters |
Uttar Pradesh |
No. of districts surveyed so far |
3 (Ballia, Gazipur & Varanasi @) |
Number of arsenic affected districts where groundwater arsenic above 10 mg/L so far identified. |
3 |
Number of arsenic affected districts where groundwater arsenic above 50 mg/L so far identified. |
3 |
No. of blocks surveyed so far |
10 |
Number of arsenic affected blocks where groundwater arsenic above 10 mg/L |
9 |
Number of arsenic affected blocks where ground water arsenic above 50 mg/L |
7 |
Total number of hand tube-well water samples analyzed |
4818 |
% of hand tube-wells having arsenic concentration >10 mg/L |
45.48 |
% of hand tube-wells having arsenic concentration >50 mg/L |
26.51 |
% of hand tube-wells having arsenic concentration >300 mg/L* |
10 |
No. of villages surveyed so far |
122 |
Number of arsenic affected villages(approx.) with ground water arsenic above 50 mg/L |
69 |
Number of arsenic affected villages(approx.) with ground water arsenic above 10 mg/L |
100 |
Districts surveyed for arsenic patients |
2 |
Number of districts where we have identified people with arsenical skin lesions |
2 |
People screened for arsenic patients from affected villages(preliminary survey) |
989 (15.47) |
Number of registered patients with clinical manifestations, including children |
154 |
Total number of villages surveyed so far for arsenic patients |
11 |
Total number of villages where arsenic patient identified |
11 |
*During our last 20 years field experience in West Bengal and 10 years in Bangladesh we have observed that ingestion of arsenic contaminated water with 300 mg/L for prolonged period may cause arsenical skin lesions.@ Preliminary survey (water samples analyzed) done in Varanasi. We have predicted that the northern part of the river close to Terai Region could be arsenic affected. |
|
 |
Patient from
Tiwaritola, |
Reference
(1) Arsenic groundwater contamination and its health effects in the state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) in upper and middle Ganga plain, India: A severe danger. Sad Ahamed, Mrinal Kumar Sengupta, Amitava Mukherjee, M. Amir Hossain, Bhaskar Das, Bishwajit Nayak, Arup Pal, Subhas Chandra Mukherjee, Shyamapada Pati, Rathindra Nath Dutta, Garga Chatterjee, Adreesh Mukherjee, Rishiji Srivastava and Dipankar Chakraborti. .Science of the Total Environment. 370 (2006), 310-322.